polyvinylidene fluoride scaffolds immobilized with a vitronectin-derived peptide

Use of Alcalase in the production of bioactive peptides: A review 

This review aims to cover the uses of the commercially available protease Alcalase in the production of biologically active peptides since 2010. Immobilization of Alcalase has also been reviewed, as immobilization of the enzyme may improve the final reaction design enabling the use of more drastic conditions and the reuse of the biocatalyst.

That way, this review presents the production, via Alcalase hydrolysis of different proteins, of peptides with antioxidant, angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory, metal binding, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities (among other bioactivities) and peptides that improve the functional, sensory and nutritional properties of foods.

Alcalase has proved to be among the most efficient proteases for this goal, using different protein sources, being especially interesting the use of the protein residues from food industry as feedstock, as this also solves nature pollution problems.

Very interestingly, the bioactivities of the protein hydrolysates further improved when Alcalase is used in a combined way with other proteases both in a sequential way or in a simultaneous hydrolysis (something that could be related to the concept of combi-enzymes), as the combination of proteases with different selectivities and specificities enable the production of a larger amount of peptides and of a smaller size.

Development of A2G80 peptide-gene complex for targeted delivery to muscle cells

 Therapeutic strategies based on antisense oligonucleotides and therapeutic genes are being extensively investigated for the treatment of hereditary muscle diseases and hold great promise. However, the cellular uptake of these polyanions to the muscle cells is inefficient. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more effective methods of gene delivery into the muscle tissue.

• The A2G80 peptide (VQLRNGFPYFSY) from the laminin α2 chain has high affinity for α-dystroglycan (α-DG) which is expressed on the membrane of muscle cells. In this study, we designed a peptide-modified A2G80 with oligoarginine and oligohistidine (A2G80-R9-H8), and prepared peptide/plasmid DNA (pDNA) complex, to develop an efficient gene delivery system for the muscle tissue.

• The peptide/pDNA complex showed α-DG-dependent cellular uptake of the A2G80 sequence and significantly improved gene transfection efficiency mediated by the oligohistidine sequence in C2C12 myoblast cells. Further, the peptide/pDNA complex promoted efficient and sustained gene expression in the Duchenne muscular dystrophy mouse models. The A2G80-R9-H8 peptide has the potential for use as a specific carrier for targeting muscle in gene therapy in muscular dystrophy.

Synthetic peptide hydrogels as 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering

 The regeneration of tissues and organs poses an immense challenge due to the extreme complexity in the research work involved. Despite the tissue engineering approach being considered as a promising strategy for more than two decades, a key issue impeding its progress is the lack of ideal scaffold materials.

Nature-inspired synthetic peptide hydrogels are inherently biocompatible, and its high resemblance to extracellular matrix makes peptide hydrogels suitable 3D scaffold materials. This review covers the important aspects of peptide hydrogels as 3D scaffolds, including mechanical properties, biodegradability and bioactivity, and the current approaches in creating matrices with optimized features. Many of these scaffolds contain peptide sequences that are widely reported for tissue repair and regeneration and these peptide sequences will also be discussed.

Furthermore, 3D biofabrication strategies of synthetic peptide hydrogels and the recent advances of peptide hydrogels in tissue engineering will also be described to reflect the current trend in the field. In the final section, we will present the future outlook in the design and development of peptide-based hydrogels for translational tissue engineering applications.

Study of the Interaction of a Novel Semi-Synthetic Peptide with Model Lipid Membranes 

• Most linear peptides directly interact with membranes, but the mechanisms of interaction are far from being completely understood. Here, we present an investigation of the membrane interactions of a designed peptide containing a non-natural, synthetic amino acid. We selected a nonapeptide that is reported to interact with phospholipid membranes, ALYLAIRKR, abbreviated as ALY.

• We designed a modified peptide (azoALY) by substituting the tyrosine residue of ALY with an antimicrobial azobenzene-bearing amino acid. Both of the peptides were examined for their ability to interact with model membranes, assessing the penetration of phospholipid monolayers, and leakage across the bilayer of large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs).

• The latter was performed in a microfluidic device in order to study the kinetics of leakage of entrapped calcein from the vesicles at the single vesicle level. Both types of vesicles were prepared from a 9:1 (mol/mol) mixture of POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) and POPG (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho(1′-rac-glycerol). Calcein leakage from the vesicles was more pronounced at a low concentration in the case of azoALY than for ALY.

• Increased vesicle membrane disturbance in the presence of azoALY was also evident from an enzymatic assay with LUVs and entrapped horseradish peroxidase. Molecular dynamics simulations of ALY and azoALY in an anionic POPC/POPG model bilayer showed that ALY peptide only interacts with the lipid head groups.
• In contrast, azoALY penetrates the hydrophobic core of the bilayers causing a stronger membrane perturbation as compared to ALY, in qualitative agreement with the experimental results from the leakage assays.

Glypican 6 (GPC6) Antibody
20-abx212986	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 300.00	100 ul 50 ul

Glypican 6 (GPC6) Antibody
20-abx213390	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 300.00	100 ul 50 ul

Glypican 6 (GPC6) Antibody
20-abx211678	Abbexa	EUR 411.00 EUR 300.00	100 ul 50 ul

Individual Reaction Mix 6
G065-6	ABM	200 reactions	EUR 167

Human glypican 6 (GPC6) ELISA kit
CSB-EL009708HU-24T	Cusabio	1 plate of 24 wells	EUR 165
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human glypican 6 (GPC6) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates. A new trial version of the kit, which allows you to test the kit in your application at a reasonable price.

Human glypican 6 (GPC6) ELISA kit
1-CSB-EL009708HU	Cusabio	EUR 804.00 EUR 5099.00 EUR 2704.00	1 plate of 96 wells 10 plates of 96 wells each 5 plates of 96 wells each
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human glypican 6 (GPC6) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates. Now available in a cost efficient pack of 5 plates of 96 wells each, conveniently packed along with the other reagents in 5 separate kits.

Human Glypican 6(GPC6)ELISA Kit
QY-E02274	Qayee Biotechnology	96T	EUR 361

Recombinant Human Glypican-6 Protein, His, Yeast-100ug
QP9160-ye-100ug	EnQuireBio	100ug	EUR 480

Recombinant Human Glypican-6 Protein, His, Yeast-10ug
QP9160-ye-10ug	EnQuireBio	10ug	EUR 236

Recombinant Human Glypican-6 Protein, His, Yeast-1mg
QP9160-ye-1mg	EnQuireBio	1mg	EUR 1885

Recombinant Human Glypican-6 Protein, His, Yeast-200ug
QP9160-ye-200ug	EnQuireBio	200ug	EUR 744

Recombinant Human Glypican-6 Protein, His, Yeast-500ug
QP9160-ye-500ug	EnQuireBio	500ug	EUR 1206

Recombinant Human Glypican-6 Protein, His, Yeast-50ug
QP9160-ye-50ug	EnQuireBio	50ug	EUR 299

pLenti-CLDN1 shRNA-6 Plasmid
PVTBAV04867-6	Lifescience Market	2 ug	EUR 356

Tissue Culture Plate, 6 Well
TCP20-6	Bio Basic	1 UNIT	EUR 53.48

Random Nanofibers 6 Well Plate
3D00006-6	Neuromics	700 nm-PCLs	EUR 93

Aligned Nanofibers 6 Well Plate
3D00012-6	Neuromics	700 nm-PCLs	EUR 97

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, Human Plasma, 6 vials)
M1040-6	Biovision		EUR 1300

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, Human Plasma, 6 vials)
M1041-6	Biovision		EUR 1572

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, Human Serum, 6 vials)
M1042-6	Biovision		EUR 1300

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, Human Serum, 6 vials)
M1043-6	Biovision		EUR 1572

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, Human Urine, 6 vials)
M1044-6	Biovision		EUR 1289

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, Human Urine, 6 vials)
M1045-6	Biovision		EUR 1572

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, Human Saliva, 6 vials)
M1046-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, Human Saliva, 6 vials)
M1047-6	Biovision		EUR 1621

Aligned Nanofibers 6 Well Plate Inserts
3D00016-6	Neuromics	700 nm-PCLs	EUR 98

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, U87 MG, 6 vials)
M1054-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, U87 MG, 6 vials)
M1055-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, COLO1 cell line, 6 vials)
M1048-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, COLO1 cell line, 6 vials)
M1049-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, MM1 cell line, 6 vials)
M1050-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, MM1 cell line, 6 vials)
M1051-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, BLCL21 cell line, 6 vials)
M1052-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, BLCL21 cell line, 6 vials)
M1053-6	Biovision		EUR 1572

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, HCT116 cell line, 6 vials)
M1058-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, HCT116 cell line, 6 vials)
M1059-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, PC3 cell line, 6 vials)
M1060-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, PC3 cell line, 6 vials)
M1061-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, DAUD1 cell line, 6 vials)
M1064-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, DAUD1 cell line, 6 vials)
M1065-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, A549 cell line, 6 vials)
M1066-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, A549 cell line, 6 vials)
M1067-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, B16F10 cell line, 6 vials)
M1070-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (1090 µg, B16F10 cell line, 6 vials)
M1071-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, BPH-1 cell line, 6 vials)
M1062-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, BPH-1 cell line, 6 vials)
M1063-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, K-562 cell line, 6 vials)
M1068-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, K-562 cell line, 6 vials)
M1069-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

Recombinant Human Myostatin Protein
PROTO14793-6	BosterBio	10ug	EUR 317
Description: Myostatin is a TGF-β family member that acts as an inhibitor of skeletal muscle growth. This muscle-specific cytokine interacts with Activin type I and type II receptors, and suppresses myoblast proliferation by arresting cell-cycle in the G1 phase. Suppression of myostatin activity facilitates muscle formation and may be useful in reducing and/or preventing adiposity and type-2 diabetes. Myostatin activity can be blocked by the Activin-binding protein Follistatin, and by the propeptide of Myostatin. Recombinant Human myostatin is a 25.0 kDa protein consisting of two identical 109 amino acid polypeptides linked by a single disulfide bond.

Recombinant Human HGF Protein
PROTP14210-6	BosterBio	10ug	EUR 317
Description: HGF is a mesenchymally derived potent mitogen for mature parenchymal hepatocyte cells and acts as a growth factor for a broad spectrum of tissues and cell types. HGF signals through a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor known as MET. Activities of HGF include induction of cell proliferation, motility, morphogenesis, inhibition of cell growth, and enhancement of neuron survival. HGF is a crucial mitogen for liver regeneration processes, especially after partial hepatectomy and other liver injuries. Human and murine HGF are cross-reactive. Human HGF is expressed as a linear 697 amino acid polypeptide precursor glycoprotein. Proteolytic processing of this precursor generates the biologically active form of HGF, which consists of two polypeptide chains (α-chain and β-chain) held by a single disulfide bond resulting in formation of a biologically active heterodimer. The α-chain consists of 463 amino acid residues and four kringle domains. The β-chain consists of 234 amino acid residues.*Manufactured using (BTI-Tn-5B1-4) cells under license from Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Inc.

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (30 µg, SK-N-SH cell line, 6 vials)
M1056-6	Biovision		EUR 1306

ExoStd? Lyophilized Exosome Standard (100 µg, SK-N-SH cell line, 6 vials)
M1057-6	Biovision		EUR 1616

Acrp30 Human, Adiponectin Human Recombinant Protein, HEK
PROTQ15848-6	BosterBio	Regular: 10ug	EUR 317
Description: The Acrp30 Human Recombinant produced in HEK293 cells is fused with FLAG tag.

Human GPC6 (Glypican- 6) ELISA Kit (CUSTOM ELISA KIT)
ELI-48039h	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 824

Recombinant Human GM-CSF Protein
PROTP04141-6	BosterBio	20ug	EUR 317
Description: GM-CSF is a hematopoietic growth factor that stimulates the development of neutrophils and macrophages and promotes the proliferation and development of early erythroid megakaryocytic and eosinophilic progenitor cells. It is produced in endothelial cells, monocytes, fibroblasts and T-lymphocytes. GM-CSF inhibits neutrophil migration and enhances the functional activity of the mature end-cells. The human and murine molecules are species-specific and exhibit no cross-species reactivity. Recombinant human GM-CSF is a 14.6 kDa globular protein consisting of 128 amino acids containing two intramolecular disulfide bonds and two potential N-linked glycosylation sites.

Recombinant Human IL-7 Protein
PROTP13232-6	BosterBio	10ug	EUR 317
Description: IL-7 is a hematopoietic growth factor which affects primarily early B and T cells. Produced by thymic stromal cells, spleen cells and keratinocytes, IL-7 can also co-stimulate the proliferation of mature T cells in combination with other factors such as ConA and IL-2. Human and murine IL-7 is cross-species reactive. Recombinant human IL-7 is a 17.4 kDa protein containing 153 amino acid residues.

Recombinant Human PlGF-3 Protein
PROTP49763-6	BosterBio	25ug	EUR 317
Description: PlGF-3 is an angiogenic factor that belongs to the cysteine-knot superfamily of growth factors. PlGF-3 is expressed exclusively in the placenta. It signals through the VEGFR-1/FLT1 receptor and stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and migration. PlGF-3 lacks heparin binding affinity. Recombinant human PlGF-3 is a 45.7 kDa disulfide-linked homodimeric protein of two 203 amino acid polypeptide chains.

BCL2 Human, B-Cell Lymphoma Protein 2 Alpha Human Recombinant Protein, His Tag
PROTP10415-6	BosterBio	Regular: 20ug	EUR 317
Description: BCL2 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing amino acids 1-211 and having a molecular mass of 25.4 kDa. The BCL2 is fused to a 20 a.a. His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Human Glypican 3 (GPC3) Protein
abx060155-100ug	Abbexa	100 ug	EUR 1135

Human Glypican 3 (GPC3) Protein
abx060263-1mg	Abbexa	1 mg	EUR 2110

Human Glypican-1 (GPC1) Protein
abx060282-100ug	Abbexa	100 ug	EUR 787

Human Glypican 1 (GPC1) Protein
20-abx066889	Abbexa	EUR 523.00 EUR 244.00 EUR 1497.00 EUR 606.00 EUR 384.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug

Human Glypican 3 (GPC3) Protein
20-abx066892	Abbexa	EUR 620.00 EUR 272.00 EUR 1859.00 EUR 732.00 EUR 453.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug

Human Glypican 4 (GPC4) Protein
20-abx066893	Abbexa	EUR 746.00 EUR 300.00 EUR 2332.00 EUR 885.00 EUR 523.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug

Recombinant Human Glypican 3 Protein
RP00138	Abclonal	10 μg	EUR 155

Recombinant Human Glypican 1 Protein
RP00297	Abclonal	20 μg	EUR 193

Human Glypican 2 (GPC2) Protein
20-abx653616	Abbexa	EUR 578.00 EUR 258.00 EUR 1720.00 EUR 690.00 EUR 425.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug

Human IL-1 beta Recombinant Protein
R00101-6	BosterBio	5ug/vial	EUR 259
Description: IL-1 beta (IL-1β) is a member of the interleukin 1 family of cytokines. The IL-1 beta cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). This cytokine is an important mediator of the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Human IL-1 beta Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-1 beta cytokine produced in yeast.

VEGF Human, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Human Recombinant Protein, His
PROTP15692-6	BosterBio	Regular: 20ug	EUR 317
Description: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain (aa 207-371) containing a total of 185 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 21.3 kDa (corresponding to Isoform L-VEGF165 UniProt acc#P15692-11). ;The VEGF is fused to a 20 a.a His-tag at N-terminus and is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Recombinant Human FGF-basic (154 a.a.) Protein
PROTP09038-6	BosterBio	50ug	EUR 317
Description: FGF-basic is one of 23 known members of the FGF family. Proteins of this family play a central role during prenatal development and postnatal growth and regeneration of a variety of tissues, by promoting cellular proliferation and differentiation. FGF-basic is a non-glycosylated heparin binding growth factor that is expressed in the brain, pituitary, kidney, retina, bone, testis, adrenal gland liver, monocytes, epithelial cells and endothelial cells. FGF-basic signals through FGFR 1b, 1c, 2c, 3c and 4. Recombinant human FGF-basic is a 17.2 kDa protein consisting of 154 amino acid residues.

Recombinant Human Oncostatin M (227 a.a.) Protein
PROTP13725-6	BosterBio	10ug	EUR 317
Description: Oncostatin M (OSM) is a growth and differentiation factor that participates in the regulation of neurogenesis, osteogenesis and hematopoiesis. Produced by activated T cells, monocytes and Kaposi's sarcoma cells, OSH can exert both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on cell proliferation. It stimulates the proliferation of fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and Kaposi's sarcoma cells, but, inhibits the growth of some normal and tumor cell lines. It also promotes cytokine release (e.g. IL-6, GM-CSF and G-CSF) from endothelial cells, and enhances the expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor in hepatoma cells. OSM share several structural and functional characteristics with LIF, IL-6, and CNTF. Human OSM is active on murine cells. Recombinant human Oncostatin M is a 25.7 kDa protein, containing 227 amino acid residues.

Recombinant Human SDF-1 Beta (CXCL12) Protein
PROTP48061-6	BosterBio	10ug	EUR 317
Description: SDF-1α and β are stromal derived CXC chemokines, and signal through the CXCR4 receptor. SDF-1α and β chemoattract B and T cells, and have been shown to induce migration of CD34+ stem cells. Additionally, the SDF-1 proteins exert HIV suppressive activity in cells expressing the CXCR4 receptor. Recombinant human SDF-1β is an 8.5 kDa protein containing 72 amino acid residues.

GLP-2 Human Glucagon Like Peptide-2 protein
PROTP01275-6	BosterBio	Regular: 5mg	EUR 317
Description: Glucagon Like Peptide-2 contains 34 amino acids having a molecular mass of 3922.38 Dalton.

Recombinant Human TGF-Beta 3 (E.coli derived) Protein
PROTP10600-6	BosterBio	10ug	EUR 317
Description: The three mammalian isoforms of TGF-β, TGF-β1, β2, β3, signal through the same receptor and elicit similar biological responses. They are multifunctional cytokines that regulate cell proliferation, growth, differentiation and motility as well as synthesis and deposition of the extracellular matrix. They are involved in various physiological processes including embryogenesis, tissue remodeling and wound healing. They are secreted predominantly as latent complexes which are stored at the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. The release of biologically active TGF-β isoform from a latent complex involves proteolytic processing of the complex and /or induction of conformational changes by proteins such as thrombospondin-1. The physiological role of TGF-β3 is still unknown but its expression pattern suggests a role in the regulation of certain development processes. Recombinant human TGF-β3 is a 25.0 kDa protein composed of two identical 112 amino acid polypeptide chains linked by a single disulfide bond.

SNCA Alpha Synuclein 96-140 Human Recombinant Protein
PROTP37840-6	BosterBio	Regular: 50ug	EUR 317
Description: A-Synuclein 96-140 Human Recombinant which is a deletion mutant of the a-synuclein amino acids 96-140, produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain of 46 amino acids having a molecular mass of 5.2kDa, with an additional Met attached at the N-terminus. The Recombinant Human a-Synuclein 96-140 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

AFP (Alpha fetoprotein) ELISA test
6	Biobase	96T/Box	Ask for price
Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of AFP (Alpha fetoprotein)

FLT1 Human, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor receptor-1 Human Recombinant Protein, His Tag
PROTP17948-6	BosterBio	Regular: 10ug	EUR 317
Description: FLT1 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is single, a non-glycosylated, Polypeptide chain containing 298 amino acids fragment (31-328) corresponding to the IgG like domains 1-3 from the mature soluble FLT1 protein, having a total molecular mass of 43kDa and fused with a 4.5kDa amino-terminal hexahistidine tag. ;The FLT1 His is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Recombinant Human TGF-Beta 1 (HEK 293 derived) Protein
PROTP01137-6	BosterBio	10ug	EUR 317
Description: The three mammalian isoforms of TGF-β, TGF-β1, β2, β3, signal through the same receptor and elicit similar biological responses. They are multifunctional cytokines that regulate cell proliferation, growth, differentiation and motility as well as synthesis and deposition of the extracellular matrix. They are involved in various physiological processes including embryogenesis, tissue remodeling and wound healing. They are secreted predominantly as latent complexes which are stored at the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. The release of biologically active TGF-β isoform from a latent complex involves proteolytic processing of the complex and /or induction of conformational changes by proteins such as thrombospondin-1. TGF-β1 is the most abundant isoform secreted by almost every cell type. It was originally identified for its ability to induce phenotypic transformation of fibroblasts and recently it has been implicated in the formation of skin tumors. Human TGF-β1 is a 25.0 kDa protein with each subunit containing 112 amino acid residues, linked by a single disulfide bond.

Glypican 4 (GPC4) Protein
20-abx262759	Abbexa	EUR 328.00 EUR 6397.00 EUR 230.00	10 ug 1 mg 2 µg

GPC4 Glypican-4 Human Recombinant Protein
PROTO75487	BosterBio	Regular: 10ug	EUR 317
Description: GPC4 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 165 amino acids (401-529a.a) and having a molecular mass of 18kDa.GPC4 is fused to a 36 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

GPC3 Glypican-3 Human Recombinant Protein
PROTP51654	BosterBio	Regular: 10ug	EUR 317
Description: GPC3 Human Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 544 amino acids (25-559a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 61.8kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 50-70kDa). GPC3 is expressed with a 6 amino acids His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Mouse GPC6 (Glypican- 6) ELISA Kit (CUSTOM ELISA KIT)
ELI-27268m	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 865

SPA-Cys Staphylococcal Protein-A Cys Long Form Recombinant Protein
PROTP38507-6	BosterBio	Regular: 100mg	EUR 418
Description: SPA-Cys long Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single non-glycosylated polypeptide chain with a Cys on C-terminus. SPA-Cys is comprised of 5 IgG-binding domains E-D-A-B-C aligned in series containing 423 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 46.7kDa containing little or no carbohydrate.

Ovine CXCL10 Recombinant Protein
R00278-6	BosterBio	5ug/vial	EUR 259
Description: The ELR-negative CXC chemokine CXCL10 (IP-10) has been attributed to several roles, such as chemoattraction for monocytes/macrophages, T cells, NK cells, and dendritic cells, promotion of T cell adhesion to endothelial cells, antitumor activity, and inhibition of bone marrow colony formation and angiogenesis. Ovine CXCL10 Recombinant Protein is purified CXCL10 (IP-10) produced in yeast.

Rat CCL4 Recombinant Protein
R00703-6	BosterBio	5ug/vial	EUR 259
Description: The small chemotactic cytokine CCL4 (MIP-1 beta) is a chemoattractant for natural killer cells, monocytes and a variety of other immune cells. CCL4 is involved in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including viral infection such as HIV-1/AIDS. Rat CCL4 Recombinant Protein is purified chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4, MIP-1 beta) produced in yeast.

Swine CXCL9 Recombinant Protein
R01397-6	BosterBio	5ug/vial	EUR 259
Description: CXCL9 (MIG) is a T-cell chemoattractant. Induced by IFN-gamma (IFN-γ), the ELR-negative chemokine CXCL9 (MIG) elicits its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CXCR3. Swine CXCL9 Recombinant Protein is purified CXCL9 (MIG) produced in yeast.

Feline TNF alpha Recombinant Protein
R00002-6	BosterBio	5ug/vial	EUR 259
Description: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFSF2, TNF alpha) is a member of the TNF Superfamily. TNF alpha, being an endogenous pyrogen, is able to induce fever, to induce apoptotic cell death, to induce sepsis (through IL-1 & IL-6 production), to induce cachexia, induce inflammation, and to inhibit tumorigenesis and viral replication. Feline TNF alpha Recombinant Protein is purified TNF alpha (TNFSF2) produced in yeast.

Rabbit VEGF-A Recombinant Protein
R00045-6	BosterBio	5ug/vial	EUR 259
Description: VEGF-A is member of the family of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins, which stimulate vasculogenesis and angiogenesis to restore oxygen supply to tissues. VEGF-A is also a vasodilator and increases microvascular permeability and was originally referred to as vascular permeability factor (VPF). Rabbit VEGF-A Recombinant Protein is purified vascular endothelial growth factor A produced in yeast.

Mouse IL-4 Recombinant Protein
R00230-6	BosterBio	5ug/vial	EUR 259
Description: IL-4 has many biological roles, including the stimulation of activated B-cell and T-cell proliferation, and the differentiation of CD4+ T-cells into Th2 cells. It is a key regulator in humoral and adaptive immunity. Mouse IL-4 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-4 produced in yeast.

Mouse IL-2 Recombinant Protein
R00387-6	BosterBio	5ug/vial	EUR 259
Description: Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a cytokine produced by T-helper cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation. It is required for T-cell proliferation and other activities crucial to the regulation of the immune response. Mouse IL-2 Recombinant Protein is purified interleukin-2 produced in yeast.

Maintenance and differentiation of human ES cells on polyvinylidene fluoride scaffolds immobilized with a vitronectin-derived peptide

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is biocompatible, easy to fabricate, and has piezoelectric properties; it has been used for many biomedical applications including stem cell engineering. However, long-term cultivation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and their differentiation toward cardiac lineages on PVDF have not been investigated.

Herein, PVDF nanoscaled membrane scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning; a vitronectin-derived peptide-mussel adhesive protein fusion (VNm) was immobilized on the scaffolds. hESCs cultured on the VNm-coated PVDF scaffold (VNm-PVDF scaffold) were stably expanded for more than 10 passages while maintaining the expression of pluripotency markers and genomic integrity.

Under cardiac differentiation conditions, hESCs on the VNm-PVDF scaffold generated more spontaneously beating colonies and showed the upregulation of cardiac-related genes, compared with those cultured on Matrigel and VNm alone. Thus, VNm-PVDF scaffolds may be suitable for the long-term culture of hESCs and their differentiation into cardiac cells, thus expanding their application in regenerative medicine.